Carbureter.



W. P. PEMBROKE.

CAHBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2. 1915.

Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

W. P. PEMBROKE.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2. 1915.

l Q ,0l Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES: /IVVENTOR WINFIELD 1.l PEMBROKE, 0F ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

CARBURETER.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, VVINFIELD P. PEM- nnolin, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and to the reference-numerals marked thereon.

My present invention has for its object to provide a carbureter for explosive engines containing certain improvements, whereby the lauxiliary supply of air is regulated .to produce a suitable mixture at all motor speeds and in which the additional supply of air and fuel required for strong motor demands is automatically derivedand controlled by the partial vacuum created in the mixing chamber of the carbureter by the suction of the engine, the arrangement of the parts being such that a constant ratio is maintained between the supplies of fuel and air at all speeds of the engine and at variousopenings of the throttle valve. To these and other ends the invention consists in certain improvements and combinationsy of parts, all as will be hereinafter more fully described, the novel features being pointed out-inthe claims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carbureter showing one embodiment of my present invention; Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view thereof; Fig. 3 is a top plan view;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line L1"-4" of Fig.` 1, and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating the operation of the auxiliary air valve.

.Fig 6 is a detail perspective view of the adjustable gate, or valve, controlling the main air inlet passage.

Similar reference numerals throughout the several views indicate the same parts.

My present invention provides a carbureter utilizing two different 'fuel inlets which are so arranged in conjunction with theL :fir inlets that high power may be' obtained from the engine atcertai'n times and at others very slow or idling .thereof may occur and between these vextremes an even Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led March 2, 1915.

Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

Serial No. 11,572.

and steady operation of the engine obtained.

The fuel supply is obtained from two different discharge nozzles, one furnishing the required amount of liquid fuel or gasolene to produce the lcomparatively rich mixture required when the engine is working at low and intermediate speeds and the second nozzle which operates conjointly with the one rst mentioned and produces the fuel which is to be mixed with the greater volume of `air which rushes through the carbureter when the engine pistons reciprocate with greater velocity.

In illustrating my invention I have shown a carbureter comprising the shell or casing 1 forming the mixing' chamber A and the float chamber B arranged at one side thereof. The mixing chamber is provided at its upper end with the usual butterfly valve or throttle 2 carried on the shaft 3 provided at one end with the crank arm 4. The lower end of the chamber A is closed by the bottom 5 and arranged at a point slightly above the latter is the main air inlet 6 from the upper edge of which is an inwardly and downwardly extending wall 7 arranged to directA the incoming currents of air downwardly in proximity with the bottom 5 which is concave to form a trap or receptacle for the liquid fuel. At the lower end of the partition 7 is an adjustable gate or valve 8 which can be rotated to vary the width of the sheet of air passing beneath the partition and to regulate the proximity of said air currents to the surface of the liquid contained in the bottom of the mixing chamber, or if desired the gate may be adjusted to cause said air currents to pass through the body of the trapped liquid. The adjustment of the gate in the-first instance depends principally upon the gravity of the fuel and the average atmospheric conditions of the locality in which the carbureter is employed. This valve or gate 8 extends transversely of the carbureter casing and is` journaled Ain the side walls thereof, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, one of its ends being elongated to form a hub or projection, on which the dash pot 30 is preferably supported and held by set screw 30".

The main fuel vinlet nozzle of the carbureter vis formed by the orifice 9, the area of which is controlled by the needle valve, or metering pin, which carries at its outer end a threaded nut 11, cooperating with a` bracket or outer bearing 12, the pin being held in its innermost position by a coil spring 13 arranged between said bracket and a collar 11 on the pin. The latter carries a pivoted cam member 15, which, when rotated, contacts with the Wall of the shell l and causes the pin to be retracted to open the orifice 9 and permit the unrestricted flow of the fluid into the mixing chamber A.

The ordinary demands of the engine, to which the carbureter embodying my inven tion is applied, are satisfied by the quanf tities of liquid fuel entering the mixing chamber through the orifice 9 and the air entering said chamber through the main inlet and. in the first instance, these parts are proportioned, or adjusted, for the usual range of low speed operations and a further feature of my invention is to provide means for automatically regulating the auxiliary supplies of fuel and air, which become necessary at higher engine speeds or strong motor demands. As the requirements of an engine increase during acceleration in speed the additional quantity of fuel required is supplied by the orifice 9 and a satisfactory carburation of the air admitted through the main air inlet 6 is obtained up to a given point. However, after that point is reached where the partial vacuum draws in fuel in excess of that required to carburet the maximum volume of air admitted through the inlet 6, it is essential that an auxiliary supply of air should be provided to take care of the excess fuel produced by the ever increasing suction. At the point where a balance occurs between the air admitted through the main air inlet 6 and the fuel admitted through the primary nozzle 9, further motor demands, or increased engine speed, necessitates the addition of a further supply of fuel coupled With a.V further :increase in the supply of air.

By my present invention I have accomplished the requirements above stated through the instrumentality of an auxiliary air and fuel valve mechanism, the movement of Which is controlled by the partial vacuum created in the mixing chamber A, these parts being so arranged that no aspirating effect on the auxiliary fuel supply nozzle is produced until after said air valve has admitted the quantity of air rst required to produce the balanced effect above referred to in conjunction with the operation of the primary fuel inlet.

Further describing the valve mechanism it may be said that it comprises an adjust able member arranged in the air inlet passage relatively to the fuel inlet and controls the flow of air currents in the passage at the forward or inlet side of said nozzle and their exit at the other side of said nozzle. This valve isy also so constructed that during its initial opening movement no aspirating vacuum created in the air inlet passage then j exerts its influence to draw fuel into the mixing chamber.

In illustrating this portion of my invention I have shown the valve mechanism in the form of an oscillatory cylinder 20 having a transverse aperture defined by the Walls a and b, and located in an air passage 2l terminating in the mixing chamber A at a point below the throttle valve 2. The inner end yof the passage at its upper side either ends at or is provided with a shoulder indicated by the point c and with which cooperates the inner edge or lip a', of the Wall a, of the valve slot. The inner face of one of the Walls of the air passage is curved, as shown at 23, and coperates with the edge b of the wall b, of the valve slot. The relative positions of the stationary portions c and 23 and movable lips a and In of the valve are such that when the valve is nor'- mally closed, as shown in Fig. 2, there is a slight opening at a point indicated by 0 (Fig. 5), which prevents any suction whatever being exerted on the high speed fuel nozzle 241l even should leakage occur around the valve cylinder 20. When thelatter begins to open and the point a leaves the shoulder c a corresponding movement of the shoulder b occurs in a direction away from the curved face 23 so that during a portion of the opening movement of said valve a greater air space exists at the inlet portion of the air passage than at the exit end, so that no aspirati'ng effect is imparted to the fuel nozzle located in the air inlet.

This initial period of the opening of the valve is provided to supply the auxiliary air required, in addition to the air entering the main air inlet 6, to form the proper carbureted mixture, and the valve 20 being automatically controlled this condition exists until the power demands of the engine reach the point Where fuel must be supplied from the auxiliary nozzle 24. The auxiliary air is supplied Without additional fuel being added until the valve lips a-bf reach a position indicated by the line in Fig. 5. At about this position a change begins to occur, by reason of the proportion of the parts, whereby the inlet portion of the air passage, extending between the lip b and the curved face 23, becomes reduced in area in proportion to the space between the shoulder c and lip a which correspondingly increases in area. This effect transfers the point Where the suction in the air passage becomes noticeable from a point behind to that in front of the auxiliary fuel inlet.

After this condition is established it continues during the further rotation, or opening movement, of the valve member 20 and by reason of the curved face of the Wall 23, the aspirating effect onthe nozzle 24 continues even though greater volumes of air are admitted. The relative positions of the shoulders a and are indicated in Fig. 5,

, maintained, with the Walls of Which co-A by the reference characters O-laa 3a-- 4a, and by 0-1-2-3-4, and the corresponding dotted lines Which show the positions of the Walls aand b at different points of adjustment of said valve member.

From the above described arrangement of elements it will be observed in the broad aspect of the invention, there is provided an air passage, in Which a partial vacuum is operates a valve'mechanismcontrolling the l and fuel supply.

flovv of air currents at opposite sides of the fuel inlet land that. these elements themselves may be considered as a carbureter independently of the primary sources of air to be produced bythe restriction of the airpassage in front of the supply nozzle only a smaller quantity of fuel Will be permitted to flow, but as the difference-in pressure ini creases, due to stronger engine demands, and

the valve member is opened further to admit a greater volume of air, the area of the inlet passage, While beingincreased is also controlled by the shape of the curve 23, so that the restriction maintained is sufficient' to produce an increased flow of fuel.

The movable valve member 20, showniin the present instance as being an loscillatory member, may be operated by any suitable means, but I prefer to 'control it automatically and to this end, I provide an operating mechanism which is operated by the partial vacuum created in the carbureting chamber A of the carbureten A simple means for accomplishing the object mentioned comprises a dash pot in the form of a vcylinder 30, connected at its lower end by a passage 30a leading into a port or opening 30c extending through the hub of valve 8 into the casing 1, and provided with a piston 31 having a rod 32 pivoted to an arm 3.3 attached to the end of the valve member 20. The up- Wardvgnovement of the piston 31 in the cylinder is limited by a collar 34, which permits the atmospheric pressure lto act'upon said piston, against the tension of a light spring 35, the strength of which is only sufficient to At the first the maximum hold the vparts-in their normal position, as shown in Fig. 1, With the valve member 20 closed, as shown in Fig. 2.

In mounting the dash pot 30 I preferably combine it With the air gate or valve 8, so that the slightoscillation which occurs, due

. to the rocking of the arm 33, will cause -said primary air valve to be rotated slightly and permit an increase in the flow of air admitted through they main inlet 6. As Will be observed from an inspection of Fig.v 1, the

dash pot 30 is mounted on the extension or hub of the valve 8, and these parts are provided'vvith registering apertures 30a andA 8a affording communication between the interior of the dash pot and the air passage leading into the main chamber, the passage 8a being preferably made in the form of a lslot at itsouter end to permit the adjustment of,4 the valve 8 in setting the parts in their op-` erative positions inthe first instance. I claim as my invention:

.l 1. In a carbureter, the combinationvvithA a casing forming an auxiliary air passage 1n vvhlch a partlal vacuum 1s formed and an auxiliary source of fuel supply connected to said passage and adapted to discharge therein under the influence of said partial vacuum, of 'a single valve arranged to first open the air passage at a point in front of said fuel discharge a greater distance than it opens said passage in rear ofthe fuel discharge and subsequently upon the continued movement of thev valve veffect a reverseof the condition of the opening at said 2..In a carbureter, the combinationwith v-a casing forming lan auxiliary air passage 'in which a partial vacuum is formed and an auxiliary source of fuel supply connected to said passage and adapted todischarge therein under the Vinfluence of said partial vacuum, of a single valve located in the yan opening therein and coperating with the passage Walls at opposite sides of the nozzle to automatically .transfer the point 1 of aspiration from a point in rear of the nozzle to a point in front thereof.

4. KIn a carbureter, the combination with the Walls of an auxiliary air passage in which a partial vacuum is formed and an auxiliary fuel discharge nozzle extending able valve member having an aperture cooperating with saidv walls and serving to alternately traiisfei'tlie area of aspiration from a point at one side of the nozzle to a point at the other side thereof.

6. Ina carbureter, the combination With the walls of an auxiliary air passage,v in

which a partialivacuum is formed, one of said'walls being curvedand the other being provided with a shoulder, and an auxiliary fuel nozzle extending and discharging transversely of thev passage into the passage between said curved lsurface and shoulder, of a valve member cooperating with said surface and shoulder and operating'to alternatelyshift the area of aspiration from one side of the nozzle to the other.

7. In a carbureter, the combination With the wallsv of an` auxiliary .air passage, `in which a partial vacuum is formed, one of said Walls being curved and the other being provided with -a shoulder, of an oscillatory valve member provided with a transverse aperture, the walls of which coperate With said curved surface andshoulder to shift the area of effective aspiration from one end of the valve aperture to the other and an auxiliary fuel nozzle extending and dising said valve .when the tory auxiliary air vvalve connected to saidv piston.

9. In a carbureter, the combination with a casing having'a mixing chamber in which a partial vacuum is produced, a pivoted cylinder having communication with the interior of the mixing chamber and a piston in said cylinder, of an auxiliary fueland air supply mechanism connected to the piston and adapted to be opened bythe movement imparted thereto upon the reduction of pressure in said mixing chamber below a predetermined. point and means for clospressure 1n said chamber rises.

10. In a carbureter, the combination with a casing having a 'mixing chamber in Which a partial vacuum' is produced, a mainair valve, a cylinder'connected With said air valve for moving the same and a piston movable in the cylinder and varranged to be operated upon the reduction of pressure in said chamber below a predetermined point,.of an auxiliaryfuel and air vsupply mechanism operated by the movement of said piston.

y WINFIELD P. PEMBROKE.

Witnesses:

' G. WiLLIARD RICH,

RUSSELL B. GRmFITH. 

